As soon as the City of Lucca had subjugated the entire surrounding countryside, the priority of the rulers of Lucca was to protect the domain’s outer boundaries from the many enemies who were threatening the freedom of the small state. The Pisani never ceased to create trouble along southern borders, while from the east came sporadic attacks from the Florentines, whose expansionist aims were manifested mainly in the Lima Valley and in the Garfagnana basin. Finally, pressure also came from the north with the Malaspina occupying at various times the Lucchesi high mountain valleys.
